List of PhD thesis defended at the Institute for Research on Hunting Resources (IREC - CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), or in whose direction IREC scientific personnel have participated. In most cases, these are doctoral theses from the Science PhD program in Agricultural and Environmental from the University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM).
2015
Author: Barasona García-Arevalo, Jose Angel
Title: Epidemiology and prevention in the health interaction among hoofed animals wild and domestic
Directors: Joaquín Vicente, Christian Gortázar and Pelayo Acevedo
Date:26/06/2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1175586
Author: Gonzalez district, David
Title: Epidemiology and control of Iberian wildlife (coxiellaburnetii) Q fever
DirectorsJosé Francisco Ruiz Fund, Maria Isabel Garcia Fernandez de Mera and Christian Gortázar
Date: 18/12/2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1237122
Title: Evaluation of the risk of the treatment of seeds with pesticides for wild birds in agricultural ecosystems: the case of the Red-legged Partridge
Directors: Rafael Mateo Soria, Manuel E. Ortiz Santaliestra
Date: 20/03/2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1149588
Author: Oleaga Ruiz Escudero, Alvaro
Title: Epidemiology of the scabies sarcoptic mange in wildlife wild of the Principality of Asturias
Directors: Christian Gortazar, Rosa Casais and Joaquín Vicente
Date: 22 / 06 / 2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1175547
Author: Valente e Santos, João Pedro
Title: Ecology and physical condition of red deer in the Iberian Peninsula: Implications for management
Directors: Carlos Fonseca, Christian Gortazar y Joaquín Vicente
Date: 14/10/2015
Marker:
Title: The role of the stress oxidative during the development in the commitments of history of life: a study in the diamond mandarin (Taeniopygiaguttata)
Director: Carlos Alonso
Date: 11/12/2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1225482
Author: Rosemary Palomo, Fernando
Title: Study of the effects caused by BVDV and BHV-1-on antigen-presenting-cells by means of in vivo and in vitro experimental models
Directors: Mary of the angels Risalde Moya
Date: 20/02/2015
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1137159
2014
Title: Botulism in La Mancha Wetlands Ecology
Directors: Rafael Mateo Soria, Mª Dolors Vidal Roig
Date: 04/12/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1137282
Author: Ayllón Peña, Maria de las Nieves.
Title: Characterization of thetick-pathogen interface by functional genomics and proteomics.
Directors: Jose de Jesus of the source and Margarita Villar Ray
Date: 10/10/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1121874
Title: Ecology and conservation of Pteroclidos Iberian: an approach multiscale
Directors: Javier Viñuela and Jesús García
Date: 19/12/2014.
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1137648
Title: Evolution and Molecular characterization of oftick-Terminal. Anaplasmataceae and implications for pathogendiagnosis and control
Director: José de Jesús of Fuente
Date: 10/10/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1137237
Author: Castellanos Expósito, Pilar
Title: Effects on the sperm quality of the deer from exposure to lead and other heavy metals: application to in-vitro exposure with sperm models
Director: Rafael Mateo Soria
Date: 19/09/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1117434
Title: Ecology and management of generalist predators: the case of the Fox (Vulpesvulpes) and magpie (Pica pica)
Directors: Pablo Ferreras Andres and Miguel Delibes-Mateos
Date: 21/11/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1137264
Author: Garcia de Blas Sheriff, Esther
Title: Metabolism of carotenoids and expression of colored characters associated pigments: the case of the Red-legged Partridge (Alectoris rufa)
Directors: Carlos Alonso Alvarez, Rafael Mateo Soria
Date: 16 / 09 / 2014.
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1117449
Title: Pests of Vole (Microtusarvalis) in Castile and León: effects of the climate, changes in the use of the soil, and impact on the global ecosystem
Directors: Javier Viñuela, François Mougeot, Juan Jose Luque-Larena
Date: 14/02/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1078776
Author: Hernández Peña, Antonia Elena.
Title: Objective assessment of epididymal sperm motility Iberian red deer (cervuselaphushispanicus). Relations with freezability and quality of semen
Director: José Julián Garde and Felipe Martinez Pastor
Date: 12/05/2014
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1117128
2013
Title: Oral vaccines against tuberculosis in suidae
Director: Christian Gortazar
Date: 16/10/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1060200
Title: Bluetongueinfection in red deer
Directors: Christian Gortázar y Jorge Ramón Lopez Olvera
Date: 28/11/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1068255
Author: Fernández de Simón Romero, Javier
Title: Predation and the recovery of European rabbit populations in central–southern Iberian Peninsula. An assessment of the predator pit hypothesis
Director: Pablo Ferreras de Andrés
Date: 23/05/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1041963
Author: Guzmán García, José Luis
Title: Factores que modulan la abundancia invernal de la becada (Scolopaxrusticola): implicaciones para su gestión y conservación
Directors: Beatriz Arroyo
Date: 31/01/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1012962
Author: Jiménez Rabadán, María del Pilar
Title: Advances in sperm cryopreservation of samples collected by vaginal artificial and electroejaculation from Blanca-Celtiberica goat breed
Directors: Ana Josefa Soler Valls, Manuel Ramon Fernandez and Maria Dolores Palomares Perez-Guzman
Date: 11/11/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1060683
Author: Merino Charrez, José Octavio
Title: Translating molecular events at the tick-pathogen interface into novel vaccines for the control of vector and pathogen infection infestations
Directors: Joseph of the source García and José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
Date: 18/10/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1058205
Author: Monterroso, Pedro Seabra
Title: Ecologicalinteractions and speciescoexistence in Iberian mesocarnivore communities
Directors: Paulo Celio Alves, Pablo Ferreras de Andrés
Date: 17/12/2013.
Marker:
Author: Moreno-Cid Mora, Juan Antonio
Title: Akirina/Subolesina: Expresiondel recombinant Antigen and testing of different formulations for the control of infestations by blood-sucking ectoparasites
Director: The source Garcia Jose
Date: 18/10/2013.
Marker:
Title: Tick proteomics: Understanding physiology, evolution and control tick
Directors: Jose de la source Garcia and Margarita Vidal Rayo
Date: 18/10/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1060659
Author: Gamino Rodríguez, Virginia
Title: Infection by flavivirus in hunting birds in Spain: distribution of the virus and structural alterations in the tissues of the host
Director: Ursula Höfle
Date: 25/07/2013
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1057542
2012
Title: Paratuberculosis in Spain: importance in the wild reservoirs
Directors: Christian Gortázar Schmidt, José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
Date: 11-26-2012
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1008714
Author: Diaz Fernandez, Deborah
Title: Relations between the hunting management of Red-legged Partridge, populations of Red-legged Partridge, and human populations
Directors: Beatriz Brook Lopez, Javier Viñuela wood
Date: 07/09/2012
Marker:
Title: Diarrhoe, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacterspp. in wildlife wild hunting of Castile-the spot
Directors: Ursula Höfle Hansen, Maria Dolors Vidal Roig, Sergio Sanchez Prieto
Date: 13 / 01 / 2012
Marker:https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=961686
Author: Durán Martínez, Mauricio
Title: Distribution, abundance and composition of the community of blood-sucking Diptera vectors of diseases of diseases in Castilla - La mancha:riesgo to public health and animal health
Directors: Christian Gortazar Schmidt
Date: 06-26-2012
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=986262
Author: Ana Valeria Gutierrez Guzman
Title: Contributions to the epidemiological knowledge of West Nile virus and other flavivirusen Spain
Directors: Ursula Höfle Hansen
Date: 06-26-2012
Marker:https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1008828
Author: Maroto Morales, Alejandro
Title: Objective evaluation of the morfometriade the sperm of manchego sheep (Ovisaries): relationship to fertility
Directors: Julian Garde Lopez-brea, María Dolores Pérez Guzmán
Date: 01-26-2012
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=967065
Author: Summer rodriguez, Jaime
Title: Lead pollution in hunting and livestock of the mining area of the Valley of Alcudia and Sierra Madrona: use of biomarkers for sublethal effects study.
Directors: Rafael Mateo Soria
Date: 08 / 03 / 2012
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1008684
Author: Ros Santaella, José Luis
Title: Sperm Morphometry in ciervoiberico (Cervuselaphushispanicus, Hilzheimer 1999): biological implications and criobiologicas
Directors: Julian Garde Lopez-brea
Date: 27/07/2012
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1000188
2011
Author: Campos de Andrade Ferreira, Catarina.
Title: Relationships between predation risk, disease and fitness in the wild rabbit:management implications.
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte, Paulo C. Alves.
Date: 01/12/2011.
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=959829
Author: Boadella Caminal, Marian
Title: Factors that modulate the temporal trends of shared wildlife diseases
Directors: Christian Gortazar Schmidt Joaquín Vicente, Pelayo Acevedo Wagtail
Date: 02 / 12 / 2011
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=958842
Author: Carrion Morenilla, Deborah
Title. Body condition and related productions and ability of breeding of the Iberian hind in captivity (Cervuselaphushispanicus)
Directors: Tomas Landete-Castillejos, Andrés José García Díaz, Laureano Gallego.
Date: 13/05/2011
Marker:
Author: Estevez Gonzalez, José Antonio
Title: Factors of variation in the composition chemistry, structure and properties mechanical of the antlers of deer Iberian (Cervuselaphushispanicus)
Directors: Tomás Landete Castillejos, Andrés José García Díaz, Laureano Gallego
Date: 01/04/2011.
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=928245
Author: García Álvarez, Olga
Title: Study of the sperm characteristics related with fertility in the especieovina: evaluation techniques and processing of sperm samples
Director: Ana Josefa Soler Valls
Date: 26/04/2011
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=941178
Author: Olguin Hernandez, Cesar Augusto.
Title: Effects of supplementation in antler and bones esqueleticosde deer and hunting management: implications for the selection of the diet.
Directors: Tomas Landete Castillejo, Francisco Ceacero farrier., José García Adres
Date: 21/07/2011
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=947802
Author: Sicilia Garcia, Marisa
Title. Ecology and behaviour of ungulates in sympathy in a Mediterranean atmosphere: interactions between native and exotic species of hunting interest
Director: Jorge Cassinello Roldan
Date: 29 / 04 / 2011
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=928815
2010
Author: Alzaga Gil, Vanessa
Title: Ecology of parasitation of hares (LEPUS SP.) of the Iberian peninsula.
Directors: Pelayo Acevedo, Christian Gortazar, Joaquín Vicente
Date: 19 / 02 / 2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=867735
Author: Hurtado ballesteros, Cristina
Title: Development and characterization of baits for the oral administration of medications to wild boar: oral immunization of scratches with the BCG vaccine against bovine tuberculosis
Directors: José de la Fuente, Christian Gortázar
Date: 09/04/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=872115
Author: Dominguez Rebolledo, Alvaro E
Title: Study of the stress oxidative in sperm epididimarios crioperservados of the deer
Directors: MR Fernandez-santos, Felipe written, JJ Garde
Date: 13/05/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=900246
Author: Catalan district, Elizabeth Pilar
Title: The rabbit as an agricultural pest in its native range distribution
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte Fernandez and Francisco Sanchez Tortosa
Date: 20 / 12 / 2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=914811
Title: Mineral supplementation and mineral diet selection in Iberian red deer (Cervuselaphus)
Directors: Tomás Landete-Castillejos, Andrés J. Garcia, Jose to. Estevez
Date: 12/03/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=875067
Author: Galindo Ordóñez, Ruth Cecilia
Title: Genomics of the patogeno-hospedador interaction. Differential gene expression in sheep and wild boar in response to intracellular bacteria of the genera anaplasma, brucella and mycobacterium infection
Directors: José de la Fuente, Christian Gortázar
Date: 12/17/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=919836
Title: Contamination by pellets of lead in wetlands and evaluation of the contributions of grit as measure to reduce the plumbismo in birds aquatic
Directors: Rafael Mateo Soria, Andrew J. Green
Date: 26/07/2010.
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=896085
Author: Miranda Garcia-Roves, Maria
Title: Behavior trophic of ungulates native and exotic in sympatry in a friendly Mediterranean: strategies of Herbivory and effects on the flora native
Director: Jorge Cassinello
Date: 03/09/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=895089
Title: Avian influenza in wild birds in Castile - La Mancha: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and epidemiology
Director: Ursula Höfle
Date: 09/09/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=876375
Author: Ríos Saldaña, Carlos Antonio
Title: Technical plans of hunting and its application in the management and conservation of hunted species
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte, Francisca Castro y Mario Vargas
Date: 26/03/2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=871497
Title: Integrating foraging strategies, spatial movement patterns and reproductive success: implicationfor the conservation of sympatric avian predators
Directors: Beatriz Arroyo and François Mougeot
Date: 26 / 02 / 2010
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=876375
2009
Author: Gustau Calabuig I Penades
Title: The role of social information on the breeding habitat selection of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)
Director: Jose Miguel Aparicio, Pedro J. Cordero
Date: 20/11/2009
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=859326
Author: Ismael Galvan Macias
Title: Mechanisms of production and adaptive function of melanistic characters and achromatic plumage of birds
Directors: J. j. Sanz, J. Moreno, C. Alonso-Alvarez
Date: 29 / 5 / 2009
Marker:https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=331965
2008
Author: Enrique Gaspar-lopez Roldán
Title: Factors determining factors of the growth of the horns in the deer Iberian (Cervuselaphushispanicus)
Directors: Andrés José García Díaz, Laureano Gallego Martínez, Tomás Landete Castillejos
Date: 19/11/2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=562143
Author: Fabian houses sands
Title: Agricultural and hunting management: effects on the Red-legged Partridge (Alectoris rufa) and protected steppe birds
DirectorES: Javier Viñuela, François Mougeot
Date: 10 / 06 / 2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=438981
Author: Irene Cotilla Orellana
Title: The decline of the populations of European rabbit (Oryctolaguscuniculus): modeling for its management and conservation
Director: Rafael Villafuerte
Date: 17/12/2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=635583
Author: Carlos Rouco Zufiarre
Title: Restoration of rabbit populations of monte and improved management for its conservation.
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte, Pablo Ferreras, Francisca Castro
Date: 05/23/2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=439050
Author: Diego Villanuainglada
Title: Parasites of the Red-legged Partridge: foryour hunting and conservation implications
Directors: Christian Gortazar, Ursula Höfle
Date: 01/18/2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=418710
Author: Raquel nephew Menchero
Title: Contribution to the pathology of the carnivorossilvestres
Directors: Christian Gortazar, Javier Millan
Date: 28/11/2008
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=561603
2007
Author: Lorenzo Pérez Rodríguez
Title: Reliable signals on the Red-legged Partridge (Alectorisrufa): physical condition, testosterone and carotenoids
Directors: Javier Viñuela wood
Date: 15/06/2007
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=415986
Author: José Antonio Blanco Aguiar
Title: Spatial variation in the biology of the Red-legged Partridge (Alectoris rufa): a multidisciplinary approach.
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte and Jose Antonio Davila
Date: 20 / 06 / 2007
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=865617
Title: Causes and consequences of genetic diversityin the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)
Directors: Jose Miguel Aparicio and Pedro J. Cordero
Date: 19/11/2007
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=418683
Author: Mª Victoria Naranjo Aranda
Title: Genomic characterization and Proteomics of differential gene expression in feral pigs infected naturally with Bovismycobacterium: identification of biomarkers associated with infection and protective immune response to tuberculosis
Director: The source Garcia Jose
Date: 14/12/2007
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=418671
Author: Isabel Garcia Fernandez Mera
Title: Factors involved in the immune response in the Iberian red deer
Directors: Christian Gortázar Schmidt and Jose Manuel Perez of the Lastra Pérez de la Lastra
Date: 14/12/2007
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=418647
2006
Author: Francisco Ruiz Fons.
Title: Health risks associated with hunting wild boar production: Aujeszky's disease
Directors: Christian Gortazar, Ursula Höfle, Dolors Vidal and Joaquín Vicente
Date: 01/12/2006
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=415872
Author: Pelayo Acevedo Wagtail
Title: Ecogeography of goat Ibex (Caprapyrenaica): relationship with other ungulates in sympatry in the Center-South of the Iberian peninsula
Directors: Christian Gortazar, Jorge Cassinello and Joaquín Vicente
Date: 01/12/2006
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=415824
Author: Miguel Delibes-Mateos
Title: Relations between them changes population of the rabbit, it management hunting, the habitat and the predators: implications for the conservation
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte and Pablo Ferreras
Date: 13/12/2006
Marker:https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=415827
Author: Vicente Piorno Gonzalez
Title: Game management and conservation of rabbit mount
Directors: Rafael Villafuerte and Adolfo lamb
Date: 15 / 12 / 2006
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1179459
Author: Rocio Fernandez-santos
Title: Improvement of the congelabilidad of the material of the sperm retrieved post-mortem in the Iberian red deer
Director: J. Julian Garde
Date: 09/07/2006
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=402591
Author: Mrs. Milagros Esteso ten
Title: Objective evaluation of morphometrics of the sperm of deer. Relations with other seminal evaluation, congelabilidad and artificial insemination fertility tests
Director: J. Julian Garde
Date: 14/12/2006
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=416052
2005
Author: Jose Hidalgo Carrillo
Title: Determinants of reproductive success of Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) on the island of Tenerife
Director: Jose Miguel Aparicio Munera
Date: 17/06/2005
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=378135
2004
Author: Jose Angel Gomez Nieto
Title: Growing corporaly development of the horns up to two years and way of life in the Iberian red deer. Factors determining factors
Directors: Laureano Gallego Martínez and Tomás Landete Castillejos
Date: 15/06/2004
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=318912
Author: Javier Millan Gasca
Title: Alterations associated with the captive breeding of wild galliformes. Studies physiological and parasitological in the Red-legged Partridge (alectoris rufa) and faisancomun (phasianuscolchicus)
Director: Christian Gortazar Schmidt
Date: 16/01/2004
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=311565
Author: Joaquín Vicente baths
Title: Pathology (tuberculosis and elafostrongilosis) of deer (cervuselaphus) in castilla la mancha. Problems associated with its management
Directors: Christian Gortazar Schmidt
Date: 17 / 12 / 2004
Marker:https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=376611
Author: Jesús Martínez Padilla
Title: Reproductive ecology of Kestrel. ecophysiology, hatching asynchrony and interactions of the chicks in the nest according to sex
Directors: Javier Viñuela wood, Juan Moreno Klemming and William white Hervás
Date: 15 / 03 / 2004
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=317856
2003
Author: Ana Josefa Soler Valls
Title: Study of the congelabilidad of the samples sperm of deer Iberian obtained post-mortem
Director: Jose Julian Garde
Date: 28/10/2003
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=319017
Author: Elena angle Aguado
Title: Factors that affect the distribution and abundance of the rabbit in Andalusia
Directors: Rafael Fernández Villafuerte and Jose Manuel Campos Lissen
Date: 28/04/2003
Marker: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=285144